Metallic Materials Engineering

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Foreword

Research Structures

Energy, Environment, and Biodiversity

Humanities and Ethics

Culture and Education

Society and Development

Information and Communication Technology

Biology and Health

Research Structures and Researchers

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Sustainable uses of steel

Data from the Worldwatch Institute, a North American nongovernmental organization (NGO) devoted to the promotion of an environmentally sustainable society, showed that the average metal consumption per capita increased from 77 kg in 1950 to 213 kg in 2008 and that steel represented 95% of the metal in weight produced worldwide. To study the reactions, resistance, and better approaches to the use of steel, the Nucleus for Metallic Materials Engineering, chaired by Professor Berenice Dedavid, includes researchers and underand graduate students of Mechanical, Civil, Chemical, and Automation Control Engineering and Chemistry.

The studies are conducted along three lines of research: metallic materials, biodiesel, and the monitoring of environmental pollution. The initial research line explores special steels for the oil and gas extraction industry aimed at the future geological storage of carbon in wells. The goal of that project is to understand the behavior of steel under conditions of extreme corrosion, high temperature, and high pressure. At the end of the study, the research team aims to select a national steel that is compatible with critical work conditions in the soil and sea and that costs less.

The second line of research in biodiesel studies is the wearing of automotive alloys in the presence of fuel. The research aim is to correlate raw fusion structures and heat treatments of irons with the corrosion of parts where the biodiesel circulates.

The third research line focuses on the assessment of environmental conditions characterized by large concentrations of toxic agents and may show results soon. The researchers are currently developing small sensors that can detect the presence of toxic gases and monitor air quality. These electronic components are currently undergoing testing stages, and their composition includes nanoparticles and nanofoils to increase the sensitivity of the contact surface. The device may, for instance, be attached as a button to miners’ clothes to help them detect noxious loads of oxygen monoxide (CO), oxygen dioxide (CO2), and methane in coal mines. This equipment may also be used in stations for air quality assessment in urban environments.